![]() For example, a synesthete may perceive tastes when seeing certain shapes or might perceive colors when seeing achromatic letters. ![]() Synesthesia is a condition in which individuals experience atypical responses to certain types of stimuli, in addition to the typical responses elicited by those stimuli. We also provide a set of markers that aid in distinguishing synesthesia from other closely related psychological phenomena. We highlight the limitations of these methods for understanding the nature of this complex condition and propose potential solutions to address some of these limitations. In this article, we review and critically evaluate current methods for both assessing synesthesia and examining its psychological basis, including the “test-retest” procedure, online battery assessments, and behavioral experiments. Although synesthesia has been described for centuries, only very recently has there been an explosive growth of systematic scientific examinations of this condition. Synesthesia is a fairly common condition in which individuals experience atypical responses (such as color experiences) in association with certain types of stimuli (such as non-colored letters). 2Department of Psychology, The City College and Graduate Center, Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.1Philosophy Program, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
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